Models & Architecture

Does Microsoft Copilot use Anthropic Claude in SharePoint?

The honest reconciliation. Microsoft Learn says Anthropic, MC1311968 says GPT-5.4. What is actually running in your tenant, when, and what the EU/UK sub-processor decision means.

Daniel AndersonDaniel Anderson9 min read

The short answer: yes, conditionally. During the public preview running today, Anthropic Claude powers the full Copilot in SharePoint experience when admins enable Anthropic as a Microsoft sub-processor. From the mid-June 2026 opt-out rollout, Microsoft has confirmed Copilot in SharePoint runs on OpenAI's GPT-5.4 Reasoning model with no customer model choice. Both can be true at once because the preview and general availability use different model paths.

This is the reconciliation. Microsoft has published two pieces of guidance that read differently on first scan. Read together with the dates, they say the same thing: Anthropic for the preview, GPT-5.4 for general availability, both inside the same Microsoft 365 Copilot licence and governance frame.

The two sources that look like they conflict

The Microsoft Learn documentation for AI in SharePoint setup, current as of May 2026, says this:

AI in SharePoint's refreshed public preview uses an advanced reasoning model to support multi‑step planning and execution across SharePoint content. To access the full preview experience, tenant administrators should enable Anthropic as an AI sub‑processor for Microsoft Online Services in the Microsoft Admin Center. If Anthropic isn't enabled, AI in SharePoint will use a fallback reasoning model to maintain preview availability, and some advanced capabilities may vary depending on the model used.

Source: Get started with AI in SharePoint (preview)

Message Center notice MC1311968, published 15 May 2026, announcing the opt-out rollout, says this:

Copilot in SharePoint is built with model agility at its core. The team continuously evaluates and adopts the latest models. Currently, customer-controlled model selection is not available. At opt-out preview rollout time, Copilot in SharePoint will run on OpenAI's GPT-5.4 Reasoning model.

Source: MC1311968

Two Microsoft sources. One says Anthropic. The other says OpenAI's GPT-5.4. Both are right.

The reconciliation in one table

The conflict resolves once you separate preview from general availability and read the dates.

StateWhenModel running
Preview, Anthropic enabledNow through mid-June 2026Anthropic Claude (advanced reasoning)
Preview, Anthropic not enabledNow through mid-June 2026Microsoft fallback model (unnamed)
EU/UK preview, Anthropic disabled by defaultNow through mid-June 2026Microsoft fallback model unless admin enables Anthropic
General availability rolloutMid-June 2026 onwardsOpenAI GPT-5.4 Reasoning

The Anthropic switch is a preview-time decision for Copilot in SharePoint specifically. At general availability, Microsoft's own model takes over for the SharePoint experience. The Anthropic sub-processor switch in the admin centre still has effect for other Microsoft 365 Copilot capabilities (the Word, Excel, and PowerPoint Agents began running on Anthropic from January 2026).

How to check what model your tenant is running

There is no in-product indicator that tells an end user which model is handling their chat. The signal lives in the admin centre.

Go to the Microsoft 365 admin centre, then Copilot, then Settings, then Data access. Under "AI providers operating as Microsoft sub-processors", if Anthropic is enabled for your tenant, the toggle is on. If it is off (the default for EU and UK tenants), Anthropic is not being used.

For Copilot in SharePoint during preview, this toggle determines whether the full experience runs on Anthropic Claude (toggle on) or on the Microsoft fallback model (toggle off). From the mid-June 2026 opt-out rollout, the toggle no longer affects Copilot in SharePoint specifically (which switches to GPT-5.4 regardless), but continues to affect the Word, Excel, and PowerPoint Agents and any other Copilot experiences that use Anthropic.

If you want to validate the experience difference yourself, run the same prompt in two tenants — one with Anthropic enabled, one without — and compare the response style. The output structure and verbosity differ noticeably.

What changes for your data when Anthropic is enabled

Anthropic operates as a Microsoft sub-processor under Microsoft's contractual safeguards. The high-level commitments:

What it does not include:

For most non-EU tenants, the practical effect is no change to existing data governance. The Microsoft frame still applies; Anthropic operates inside that frame.

For EU and UK tenants, the decision is real. Enabling Anthropic gives you the full preview experience but means some traffic falls outside EU data boundary commitments. Keeping Anthropic disabled keeps you inside the EU boundary but means you get the fallback model during preview (and GPT-5.4 anyway from mid-June, where the EU boundary question is different again).

For tenants with strict data-residency requirements where any cross-region processing is unacceptable, the safest path is to keep Anthropic disabled through preview and wait for general availability when Copilot in SharePoint runs on GPT-5.4 Reasoning.

The EU and UK situation in more detail

Microsoft has rolled Anthropic in gradually as a sub-processor across Microsoft 365 Copilot capabilities. From January 2026, Anthropic operates as a Microsoft sub-processor for Word, Excel, and PowerPoint Agents under contractual safeguards. Full availability across regions was expected by end of February 2026.

For EU and UK tenants specifically, Microsoft made a deliberate choice not to enable Anthropic by default because of the EU data boundary exclusion. The setting is opt-in, not opt-out, in those regions. This avoids putting traffic outside the EU boundary without explicit administrator consent.

For EU and UK tenants who want the full Copilot in SharePoint preview experience right now, the steps are:

  1. Microsoft 365 admin centre → Copilot → Settings
  2. Data access page → AI providers operating as Microsoft sub-processors
  3. Read the terms carefully (this matters more for EU/UK than elsewhere)
  4. Toggle "Enable Anthropic as a Microsoft sub-processor subject to the above terms"

The toggle applies across the Microsoft 365 Copilot stack, not just SharePoint. Once enabled, Anthropic models can be used in Word, Excel, PowerPoint Agents and any other capabilities that route through Anthropic.

If you are an EU or UK admin trying to make this decision before the mid-June rollout, the question to ask your data protection team is whether the preview experience between now and mid-June is valuable enough to justify the temporary boundary exclusion. The answer depends on your team's adoption posture. If you are using the preview to build SharePoint.md files and Skills before the rollout (recommended), the Anthropic-powered experience produces better output for that work. If you are waiting for general availability anyway, Anthropic during preview adds little.

Claude vs GPT inside Copilot, in practice

I have configured and run Copilot in SharePoint with and without Anthropic across client tenants since the September 2025 preview opened. Some observations on how the two models behave in this specific context.

Claude tends to be more verbose. A Skill output that takes 200 words on GPT often runs to 300-400 on Claude. The extra material is usually explanation, qualification, or context. For executive summaries, this is sometimes too much; for detailed analyses (contract reviews, audit reports), it is often welcome.

Claude follows multi-step instructions more reliably. When a Skill has six or seven steps with specific sub-rules per step, Claude is less likely to skip or merge steps. GPT is more likely to combine steps it thinks are similar.

GPT is more terse and direct. Where Claude might add a caveat or a qualifier, GPT will give the answer and stop. For one-off prompts where you want a quick result, GPT often lands better.

Both produce production-quality output. Neither is universally better. The Skills I run on Claude work on GPT and vice versa. The output style differs; the underlying capability is comparable.

None of this should drive a buy decision. The model selection for Copilot in SharePoint at general availability is GPT-5.4 with no customer choice. The question for the preview period is purely whether to opt into the better Anthropic-powered experience now or wait six weeks.

The wider context: Anthropic across Microsoft 365

Copilot in SharePoint is one part of a wider Anthropic-as-sub-processor pattern across Microsoft 365 Copilot. From January 2026:

The Anthropic sub-processor toggle in the admin centre is a single switch that affects this whole stack. The decision to enable or disable Anthropic is therefore not a Copilot in SharePoint decision; it is a Microsoft 365 Copilot decision that has implications across all the capabilities mentioned above.

For Copilot in SharePoint specifically at general availability, the Anthropic decision becomes moot (GPT-5.4 takes over). For the other capabilities, the Anthropic decision continues to matter beyond mid-June 2026.

What to do this week

Three actions, depending on your tenant region.

Non-EU, non-UK tenant. Anthropic is likely already enabled by default. If you are running Copilot in SharePoint preview now, you are getting the Anthropic-powered experience. Nothing to do unless you want to verify in the admin centre.

EU or UK tenant where the data boundary is a hard requirement. Keep Anthropic disabled. Use the fallback model through preview. From mid-June 2026, Copilot in SharePoint runs on GPT-5.4 regardless, which puts you back inside the standard Microsoft model frame.

EU or UK tenant where you want the full preview experience. Review the terms with your data protection team, make the decision deliberately, and enable Anthropic if it lands the right way. Document the decision in your change-control record.

In all cases, the Anthropic decision is separate from the Copilot in SharePoint opt-out decision. The admin guide for the opt-out rollout covers the scope decision (do nothing, opt out tenant-wide, scope to selected sites). The Anthropic decision is an overlay on whichever scope option you pick.

For organisations rolling Copilot in SharePoint out across multiple teams, the Copilot in SharePoint Immersive is a one-day session where we work through both decisions (opt-in scope and Anthropic sub-processor) in your tenant. The day includes the model decision conversation specifically because the EU/UK tenants we run it with often need to make this call alongside the rollout.

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Frequently asked questions

The questions readers ask most

Does Microsoft Copilot use Anthropic Claude?

Yes, in specific configurations. From January 2026, Anthropic operates as a Microsoft sub-processor for Microsoft 365 Copilot. The Word, Excel, and PowerPoint Agents use Anthropic models when the tenant has enabled Anthropic in the admin centre. Copilot in SharePoint during preview also uses Anthropic when enabled. At the mid-June 2026 Copilot in SharePoint opt-out rollout, the SharePoint-specific experience switches to OpenAI's GPT-5.4 per MC1311968.

Does Copilot in SharePoint use Claude or GPT?

Depends on configuration and timing. During public preview (now), Anthropic Claude when admins have enabled Anthropic as a sub-processor; otherwise a Microsoft fallback model. At the mid-June 2026 opt-out rollout, OpenAI's GPT-5.4 Reasoning model regardless of the Anthropic sub-processor switch. The Anthropic switch continues to apply to other Microsoft 365 Copilot capabilities.

What model powers AI in SharePoint?

Same answer as Copilot in SharePoint (they are the same product, renamed). During preview with Anthropic enabled, Anthropic Claude. During preview without Anthropic enabled, a Microsoft fallback model. From mid-June 2026 at general availability, OpenAI GPT-5.4 Reasoning per MC1311968. Microsoft has framed the product as model-agile, continuously evaluating and adopting current models.

Is Anthropic enabled by default in Microsoft 365?

For non-EU and non-UK tenants, yes (rolled out gradually through early 2026, fully available by end of February 2026). For EU and UK tenants, no — Anthropic is disabled by default because Anthropic is currently excluded from EU data boundary commitments. Admins in those regions must explicitly enable Anthropic in the Microsoft 365 admin centre.

Is Anthropic enabled in EU and UK Microsoft 365 tenants?

Not by default. Anthropic is currently excluded from EU data boundary commitments, so Microsoft does not enable it automatically in EU and UK tenants. To get the full Anthropic-powered experience, EU and UK admins need to enable it manually in the Microsoft 365 admin centre under Copilot → Settings → Data access → AI providers operating as Microsoft sub-processors.

How do I enable Anthropic as a sub-processor in Microsoft 365?

Go to the Microsoft 365 admin centre. Open Copilot, then Settings. On the Data access page, select 'AI providers operating as Microsoft sub-processors'. Under 'Available sub-processors for your organization', select 'Enable Anthropic as a Microsoft sub-processor subject to the above terms'. The change applies across Microsoft 365 Copilot experiences that use Anthropic, not just SharePoint.

What happens to my data when Anthropic is enabled?

Anthropic operates as a Microsoft sub-processor under Microsoft's direction and contractual safeguards. Use of Anthropic models falls under Microsoft's Enterprise Data Protection and the Customer Copyright Commitment. Microsoft Product Terms and the Microsoft Data Protection Addendum apply. Anthropic models are currently excluded from EU Data Boundary and in-country processing commitments.

What is the difference between Claude and GPT in Copilot in practice?

From my hands-on time in client tenants across both, Claude tends to produce more verbose, more explanation-heavy output. GPT tends to produce more terse, more direct output. For Skills that summarise or generate structured documents, Claude's verbosity can be a feature. For Skills that need short, sharp answers, GPT often lands better. The differences are real but neither is universally better; both produce production-quality output.

Does my Microsoft 365 Copilot licence include Anthropic?

Yes. The Anthropic sub-processor is included with the Microsoft 365 Copilot licence at no additional cost. There is no separate licence for Anthropic access. The only configuration step is the admin centre toggle to enable Anthropic as a sub-processor for the tenant.

Can I disable Anthropic and use only GPT?

Yes. Turn off the Anthropic sub-processor toggle in the Microsoft 365 admin centre. Microsoft 365 Copilot experiences that use Anthropic will fall back to Microsoft's default models. For Copilot in SharePoint specifically at the mid-June 2026 rollout, the model is GPT-5.4 regardless of the Anthropic switch, so for SharePoint there is no need to disable Anthropic to use GPT.

What is the fallback reasoning model if Anthropic is not enabled?

Microsoft has not publicly named the specific fallback model used for Copilot in SharePoint during preview when Anthropic is not enabled. The Microsoft Learn documentation says Copilot in SharePoint 'will use a fallback reasoning model to maintain preview availability, and some advanced capabilities may vary depending on the model used'. At general availability the model is GPT-5.4 Reasoning per MC1311968.

Daniel Anderson

Daniel Anderson

Microsoft MVP · 20 years on M365

Independent. Australian-based. 8,000+ newsletter subscribers at danielanderson.io. Building Copilot in SharePoint Skills in client tenants since the Knowledge Agent preview in September 2025.

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